Method, system and computer program acoustic analysis of a machine

The invention relates to an acoustic analysis method of a machine (M) including the acquisition of at least one acoustic signal output from at least one microphone (7) positioned within the machine, characterized in that comprises the following steps: - separating at least one acoustic signal into a plurality of sound sources of origin, said signal being modeled as a mixture of components each corresponding to a sound source of origin; - for at least one source of separated sound source, determining a characteristic acoustic signature; - comparing at least one acoustic characteristic signature to at least one acoustic signature recorded reference in a reference database (5).