The necessity is treating asymptomatic bacteriuria with antibiotics in the perioperative period of joint arthroplasty or not: a meta-analysis.

Background Oral antibiotics are used to treat asymptomatic bacteriuria during the perioperative period of joint replacement usually. However, there is no unified conclusion on whether or not asymptomatic bacteriuria causes infection around joint prostheses, and the efficacy of antibiotics is unknown. Methods We systematically searched PubMed, CNKI, Ovid, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, manual research, and references of relevant articles up to January 1, 2020, to identify observational studies comparing. The Cochrane systematic review method was used, and the review Manager 5.3 software was used for analysis. Result (1) Nine articles were enrolled, involving 29844 cases of joint arthroplasty, including 2366 cases of asymptomatic bacteriuria. (2) The periprosthetic joint infection had a significantly higher incidence in the asymptomatic bacteriuria group than that in the non-asymptomatic bacteriuria group (Odd Ratio: OR=3.15, 95%CI: 1.23-8.02, P=0.02). (3) Seven in the nine articles reported the use of antibiotics for treating perioperative asymptomatic bacteriuria, and there was no significant difference in the incidence of Periprosthetic joint infection between two groups (OR=1.64, 95%CI: 0.84-3.23, P=0.15). Conclusion The occurrence of asymptomatic bacteriuria in the perioperative period of joint arthroplasty is a risk factor for periprosthetic joint infection, and the use of antibiotics for asymptomatic bacteriuria does not change the incidence.