Disease Occurrence in Litopenaeus vannamei Shrimp Culture Systems in Different Geographical Regions of India

The knowledge about disease is very much essential to keep the animal in disease free environment. In the present study six diseases were reported in the culture ponds of L. vannamei including Black gill disease - Andrapradesh, IHHNV - Andrapradesh and Orissa, WMD -Tamilnadu and Andrapradesh, White gut disease - Tamilnadu and Andrapradesh, Muscle cramp disease - Tamilnadu and Andrapradesh. The symptoms of each disease and their possible cure were also described in details. The outbreak of disease in shrimp culture definitely affects the profit in farmer's point of view and deteriorating the flesh quality in consumer's point of view. Many diseases are already reported in P. monodon in India. However no such diseases are reported in L. vannamei in India. So study on diseases is very important to create awareness among farmers to prevent the diseases. Prevention is better than cure. It's very important, the farmers should stock healthy disease free seeds, optimum stocking density and maintain good water quality and provide nutritious feed to get higher survival and growth. Keywords Litopenaeus vannamei; Black gill disease; White gut disease; IHHNV; Muscle cramp syndrome; White muscle disease; White leg shrimp disease; Shrimp culture