Molecular Mechanism of Action of Antimicrobial Agents Against Clinically Important Human Pathogens: A Proteomics Approach

Globally, prevalence of infectious diseases profoundly affects the human health and economy. The failure of conventional antimicrobial agents and emergence of antimicrobial resistance among the pathogens are the major reason for spreading of infectious diseases. Hence, the need for novel therapy is increased to control infectious diseases. Deciphering the mode of action of drug is an important and crucial process in novel drug discovery. The understanding of antimicrobial resistance mechanisms in pathogens is a vital task during drug development. In these aspects, proteomics provides an innovative platform for the understanding of alteration in protein pathways that are associated with antimicrobial resistance in pathogens. Further, proteomics study is also supporting to recognize how the drug kills pathogen and also to reveal drug targeting pathways of pathogens. To develop more efficient and novel therapies against pathogen infections, it is essential to study the pathogen’s response to drugs and establish resistance mechanisms in pathogens. Proteomics is most suitable tool to unveil molecular mechanism of antimicrobial agents. In this chapter, we aimed to reveal the significance of proteomics-based approaches in the identification of antimicrobial drug targets, to decipher the mechanism behind the drug resistance, and to unveil the mode of action of antimicrobial agents.