Mésothéliome pleural malin chez un ouvrier d’une entreprise de réparation navale sénégalaise

Summary Objectives The incidence of malignant pleural mesothelioma is unknown in African countries south of the Sahara. This absence of epidemiological studies led us to research on the various risk factors of asbestos exposure in the work place in Senegal. Method We present this well-documented clinical case of a 53-year-old employee of a ship repair company suffering from malignant pleural mesothelioma. Results The employment history, clinical evidence, additional investigations and the care provided to this employee bring to light the diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties related to this disease within the context of a developing country. This observation also confirms the existence in work environments in Senegal of materials and products containing asbestos. The risk of asbestos exposure is linked to the following factors: (1) the importance of the “non-structured” sector referred to as the informal sector; (2) the poor management of occupational health and safety; (3) the non-tracking of materials and products containing asbestos; (4) the lack of knowledge of employees on asbestos exposure; (5) the minimal nature of individual protective equipment; (6) the absence of a legislative and regulatory framework relating to asbestos; (7) the absence of a national mechanism to monitor and declare asbestos-related pathologies. Conclusion This observation illustrates the need for public authorities and social partners in workplaces to heighten their awareness on the risks of asbestos and the urgency in taking the appropriate measures to control this affliction.