Hazai lombosfák juvenilis (bél körüli) faanyagának anatómiai és fizikai sajátosságai, különös tekintettel a hazai erdőgazdálkodási viszonyokra = Selected physical, mechanical and anatomical properties of juvenile wood of hardwoods from Hungarian sites regarding the forest management

Kutatomunkank eredmenyekent megallapitottuk, hogy mind a szortlikacsu (bukk - Fagus silvatica, nyar Populus 'I-214') mind a gyűrűslikacsu fak (kocsanytalan tolgy - Quercus petraea, csertolgy - Quercus cerris, akac (Robinia pseudoacacia) eseten a farostok hosszusaga, falvastagsaga, edenyeinek (gyűrűslikacsu faknal a korai paszta edenyeinek) atmerője a beltől a juvenilis hatar fele haladva emelkedik, majd az erett faban allandosul. A jelenseg fafajonkent elterő modon mutatkozik meg. Az altalunk mert lombos fak eseteben a juvenilis hatart a bukk kivetelevel (bukknel: 18-20.) 10-14 evnel hataroztuk meg. A fatestet felepitő sejtek aranyaiban nem talaltunk olyan elterest, mely osszefuggesbe hozhato lenne a juvenilis faval. A sűrűsegmeresnel nyar kivetelevel (itt ellenkező tendencia figyelhető meg) az osszes vizsgalt fafajnal a belkoruli faanyag sűrűsege kisebb ertekeket vett fel az erett faehoz viszonyitva. A nyomoszilardsagi ertekek a sűrűsegi ertekekkel mutattak szoros kapcsolatot. A hajlito-, utő-hajlito, es huzoszilardsagok tekinteteben nem mutathato ki statisztikailag igazolhato kulonbseg a juvenilis fa es az erett fa kozott, bar megfigyelhető, hogy a bel koruli faresz altalaban alacsonyabb szilardsagi ertekekkel rendelkezik. A maximalis zsugorodasi ertekeket megvizsgalva megallapitottuk, hogy a fatest nagy reszen kozel azonos ertekek merhetők, a maximalis meretvaltozasok ertekei mnem hozhatok osszefuggesbe a juvenilis fa jelenletevel. | As one of the main results of the research work we found that the fibre length, the thickness of the fibre walls, the vessel-diameter are increasing from the pith towards the bark, and reach a maximum value in the ripe wood. This phenomenon was found at all investigated wood species (ring porous: Quercus petraea, Quercus cerris, Robinia pseudoacacia; diffuse porous: Fagus silvatica and Populus), however the curves showed different profiles by different wood species. The boundary between the juvenile wood and the ripe wood was determined at the age of 10-14 years (4 years transition zone), except of the beech where the corresponding age was 18-20 years. The ratio of different cell types (vessels, parenchyma, and fibres) in a single annual ring did not show any correlation with the position (juvenile age). The density around the pit was definitely below the values determined in the ripe wood by all investigated wood species but poplar, where a contrary tendency could be observed. Statistically significant correlation was found between the density and the compression strength, contrary to other strength types (MOR, impact bending, tensile strength), where the differences were not significant. However around the pit consequently lower values were shown on an average. Investigating the volumetric shrinkage we observed similar values all over the cross-section regardless the position of the sample (juvenile or ripe wood).