Superior orbital fissure syndrome caused by sinusitis

Abstract Objectives: The potential morbidity and mortality of sphenoid sinus infectious processes are related to its proximity to vital structures within the orbit, such as the cavernous sinus and the brain. Involvement of the posterior orbit can result in superior orbital fissure syndrome (SOFS), a rare entity that comprehends dysfunction of the structures that cross this anatomical region. Early recognition of this syndrome is mandatory. Delays on adequate treatment may compromise the patient’s prognosis. The purpose of this report is to present 2 cases of incomplete superior orbital fissure syndrome due to infectious processes of the posterior ethmoid and the sphenoid sinuses. Methods: Description of 2 cases of incomplete superior orbital fissure syndrome in our department. Results: The 2 cases had excellent clinical evolution after a combined treatment with antibiotics and endoscopic sinus surgery. A complete recovery of extrinsic ocular movements were observed in both cases. Conclusion: In our experience treatment with endoscopic sinus surgery and decompression of the lamina papyracea in these patients had good results and should be associated to intravenous antibiotic therapy.