新冠疫情下区块链技术在国家应急管理体系中的应用* (The Application of Blockchain Technology in the National Emergency Management System under COVID-19)

Chinese Abstract: 近日，世卫组织警告称新冠疫情可能蔓延成为全球大流行病，多国陆续进入紧急状态，疫情严重的威胁着全球环境、财产和人民的生命安全。大型紧急事件的发生需要强有力的应急管理体系来支撑，这种体系的构建需要协调各类角色，整合各种数据和技术。新冠疫情蔓延的速度和广度对社会应急系统提出了更高的要求，特别是在透明度、公信力、效率与公平、信息共享与协同等方面，各国应急救助系统仍面临着巨大挑战。区块链技术因其去中心化和分布式治理等特性广为人知，本文通过研究区块链技术特征及其在应急管理灾难救助中的应用，提出一个系统的国家区块链综合应急管理系统建设方案，从而为解决疫情紧急状态下社会应急系统的建设提供新的思路方法和技术支撑。 English Abstract: Recently, WHO has warned that the epidemic of Novel Coronavirus may spread into global pandemic, and many countries have entered a state of emergency one after another. The epidemic seriously threatens the global environment, property and people's lives. The emergence of a large emergency requires a strong emergency management system to support it. The construction of such a system needs to coordinate various roles and integrate various data and technologies. The spread speed and breadth of the epidemic of Novel Coronavirus has put forward higher requirements on social emergency systems, especially in terms of transparency, credibility, efficiency and fairness, information sharing and collaboration, etc. Countries should still face huge challenges in the emergency management system. Blockchain technology is widely known for its decentralization and distributed governance characteristics. This paper proposes a systematic national blockchain integrated emergency management system by studying the technical characteristics of blockchain and its application in emergency management and disaster relief. Therefore, it provides new ideas and technical support for solving the construction of social emergency system in the emergency state of epidemic.