Flotation in water and wastewater treatment and reuse: recent trends in Brazil

This paper summarises environmental applications of conventional and unconventional flotation to remove pollutants from waters. Emphasis is given to the design features of innovative inline reactors, namely the Flocs Generator Reactor and Flocculation-Flotation, and their applications for the flocculation and flotation in solid-liquid separations involving water (and wastewater) treatment and reuse. Applications are shown in potable water clarification, treatment and water reuse from car washing units and in the treatment of acid mine drainage. Results show that these inline flocculation (or flotation) separators have a great potential for water/wastewater treatment and reuse, especially in applications requiring high rate solid-liquid separations.