Antibióticos y expresión de betalactamasas de espectro extendido (BLEE) en agentes bacterémicos

Use of antibiotics and expression of extended spectrum betalactamases (ESBL) in bacteremic agents Objective: To evaluate the association between Escherischia Coli (E. Coli) and Klebsiella spp bacteremia, both of which produce Extended Spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL), and the use of third generation cephalosporines (TGC) during 30 days prior to the development of the infection. Patients and Methods: Case study of all patients hospitalized between 2004 and 2007 at Hospital de Ninos Roberto del Rio, who presented E. coli y Klebsiella spp bacteremia. Results: 212 episodes of E. coli o Klebsiella spp bacteremias were found; 205 contained all necessary data, 47 of which were cases and 158 were controls. The use of TGC showed a statistically signifi cant correlation with the fi nding of ESBL in those patients’ bacteremias (OR 2,5; IC95% 1,26-5). In addition, an independent statistically signifi cant association was found with hospital acquired infections (OR 8,2; IC95% 2,7-27,1), and the use of Central Venous Catheter (OR 38,9; IC95% 14,3-106,0) became close to statistical signifi cance. Conclusions: This study shows a statistically signifi cant association between ESBL bacteremias and use of TGC within 30 days prior to the infection, confi rming other literature reports. (Key words: Bacteremia, Escherischia Coli, Klebsiella spp, antibiotics, beta-lactamases, ESBL). Rev Chil Pediatr 2011; 82 (3): 198-203