Comparative Evaluation of Volatile Constituents of the Ligarine Extracts from Different Parts of Ficus altissima

This study was designed to comparative evaluate the volatile constituents of bark, fruit, leaf, aerial root, and root parts of Ficus altissima (Moraceace). Gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed the presence of 5, 14, 8, 10 and 2 compounds in the extracts obtained by ligarine extraction from different parts, respectively. The total yield of the volatile fractions was subsequently 0.93%, 0.50%, 4.24%, 3.41% and 0.72%. Higher amounts of esters, aliphatic acids and aliphatic hydrocarbons were found to compose major chemotypes in diverse parts of the plant attaining to 51.32%, 51.53% and 85.38% maximum, individually, with the exception of the extract from root, which consisted mainly of heterocyclic pyrrolidinone (75.93%). Dibutyl phthalate was the main and common component of all the volatile extracts totally attaining in average 49.20%, 22.83%, 4.09%, 11.45% and 24.07%, independently. The antioxidant activity by DPPH test was investigated for all the extracts. In addition, some pharmaceutical components such as elaidic acid, linoleic acid, squalene and vitamin E were discovered. The study offers theoretic basis for utilization of the traditional folk herb F. altissima.