Acute hormonal changes following intravenous glucose challenge in lean and obese human subjects

AbstractObjective. To study the effects of rapid i.v. glucose bolus on insulin, leptin, ghrelin, peptide YY (PYY), free fatty acids (FFA), glucagon and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations together with self-reported satiety ratings in lean and obese human subjects. Methods. Twenty-five healthy subjects were recruited, 12 were lean (mean age = 26 years, BMI range = 19.8–23.9 kg/m2) and 13 were obese (mean age = 27 years, BMI range = 27.7–42.2 kg/m2). In two separate 55 min counter-balanced blinded sessions (separate days), subjects were administered an i.v. dose of 300 mg/kg glucose or saline. Blood concentrations of several feeding-related hormones were recorded at multiple time points, together with ratings of satiety and euphoria. Results. Greater increases in glucose concentrations were observed in the obese group compared to the lean group (p < 0.0001). In both lean and obese subjects, glucose injection induced a clear fall in the concentrations of FFA, ghrelin, glucagon and PYY (p < 0.0001...