Structural behavior of coal obtained from Kraft lignin at different carbonizing rates

Abstract Biomass is a renewable resource which importance has attracted much attention face to the concerns involving the environmental and the oil crisis. The aim of this work is to convert lignin into coal by carbonization heat treatment of this biomass up to 1000 °C, under inert atmosphere, at different heating rates. The resulted coal samples were characterized by X-Ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and surface area analyzes. Raman spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction results show that longer heat treatment resulted in coals more ordered structurally. On the order hand, longer heat treatments favored the coal production with smaller surface area.