Design Considerations of Stand-Alone Solar Photovoltaic Systems

The stand-alone solar photovoltaic (PV) systems are a convenient way to provide the electricity for people far from the electric grid or for people who want the electric power without any dependence on utility grid, to run their usual activities either at homes or at businesses. The size of these systems vary according to the available solar radiations and different load conditions. Therefore, this paper takes an organized approach regarding the designing of these systems. For this purpose, the detailed guidelines and technical considerations needed in the design process of a solar PV system is presented for stand-alone application. The guidelines for the selection of appropriate site/location along with the method for the assessment of solar energy resource at the chosen site is provided in this paper. The technical considerations for assessing the load energy demand on daily basis and sizing of the different components of solar system including PV panels, charge controller, storage batteries, inverter and other appurtenances such as cables etc. required for the design configuration and installation of a solar PV system are given in this work. So, this paper will be helpful for designing and installing a solar PV power system suitable for stand-alone operation in sustaining the small housing and business communities both in rural and urban areas.