СИНДРОМ РАЗДРАЖЕННОГО КИШЕЧНИКА. СОВРЕМЕННЫЕ АСПЕКТЫ ЭПИДЕМИОЛОГИИ, ПАТОГЕНЕЗА И ЛЕЧЕНИЯ (ОБЗОР)

The irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is the most common functional disorder of gastrointestinal tract which can lead to reduced quality of life in a considerable proportion of young working-age population. Global prevalence of IBS is 10-20%, and clinical particulars of the disease depend on the region of habitation and race. Currently, the IBS is considered as a polyetiologic condition with underlying complex multicomponent pathophysiological mechanisms. Despite there are international standards of IBS diagnosis and treatment, this disorder remains one of the most complex gastroenterology diagnoses which imperfection is evidenced by the fact that diagnostic criteria for IBS have been revised three times. Besides, the similarity of IBS clinical symptoms with those of other gastroenterology diseases does not always enable to avoid the diagnostic errors. Medication treatment of IBS includes the use of drugs relieving pain syndrome and normalizing intestinal motor function and frequency of bowel movements. However, as a rule symptomatic therapy is not sufficiently effective and seldom results in prolonged remission leaving both doctor and patient dissatisfied with treatment. In Russia no epidemiologic data on the IBS are available. Also, there are diagnostic and therapeutic difficulties with the IBS partly associated with limited access to IBS medicinal products not authorized in the Russian Federation. Therefore, currently in Russia we have the prerequisites for conducting a multicenter study to build the IBS patient registry (ROMERUS) which would allow us to collect the up-to-date information on the particulars of the IBS clinical picture and to evaluate current therapy and the possibility of applying modern Rome criteria for IBS to the population of Russian patients.