Optical fiber detection device adopting steel rail as elastomer, and railway overload and unbalanced load detection system

The invention discloses an optical fiber detection device adopting a steel rail as an elastomer, and a railway overload and unbalanced load detection system. The problem that the mode of joint between a shear detection device and a steel rail destroys the strength of the steel rail and the output curve may be changed due to the change of external force and temperature or human factors such as operation. The optical fiber detection device is technologically characterized in that the optical fiber detection device comprises a shear detection device, the shear detection device comprises optical fiber sensitive elements, and the optical fiber sensitive elements are fixed to the neutral axis of a steel rail through low-energy spot welding. Because of appropriate arrangement of the optical fiber sensitive elements, stable shear waveform can be output without being interfered by vibration of the steel rail, and the installation position is easy to grind and weld. New-material optical fibers replace the old-material ones as the sensitive elements, and a metering and measuring system is formed by the new combination technology based on the new material.