Nef-specific CD107a+ CD4+ T-cell responses in a rhesus macaque (Macaca mulatta) showing partial simian immunodeficiency virus control following passive neutralizing antibody infusion.

Acute-phase neutralizing antibody (NAb) passive immunization in simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) can confer stringent viremia control with T-cell augmentation. In one NAb-infused SIV partial controller, we identify chronic-phase Nef-specific CD107a+ CD4+ T-cell response maintenance, implicating that NAb infusion modulates long-term T-cell responses even within viremic control.