RNA motifs: the effective factors in detecting and changing the expression of Plant Pathogenic Genes

Background: Regulation of transcription and translation pathways in the living cell is of particular importance, in which organized structural elements play an important role. In hydrogen bonds, through hydrophobic interactions, they stabilize the twists and turns of the RNA molecule in a wide network. The aim of this study is to introduce a number of RNA motifs that play important and valuable roles in biological processes. These types of motifs are generally effective in regulating gene expression, maintaining the structure and strength of the RNA molecule, splicing the initial mRNA, and the appropriate detection site for protein binding. Methods: In this study, QRNA, RNAz, Cmfinder detection algorithms were investigated and a number of functional and structural motifs were introduced. Results: Among the RNA-motifs studied, the Pseudoknot motif was of particular importance in participating in various biological activities. Among these activities is the change in gene expression of pathogenic in some viruses and the formation of telomerase and self-splicing introns, which is one of the most important corrective factors in biotechnology. Another important feature of this motif is the reverse transcriptase-binding inhibitory of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) that can be effective in treating this deadly and dangerous disease. The G-bulge motif can also help the medical sciences and treatment of some diseases in future due to the overall infectivity of HIV through genetic engineering techniques. Conclusion: Based on the results of this study, it can be suggested that more studies be done on bioinformatics analysis of plant motifs to see more success in controlling pathogens in plants.