CERRADO RUPESTRE DO ESPINHAÇO: diversidade genética de espécie endêmica

The objective of the study was to characterize the diversity and genetic structure of 82 individuals of P. adamantinum, divided into 02 populations of 41 individuals. We used 08 ISSR primers that amplified 135 loci, with 108 (80%) polymorphic loci between the populations and a mean of 16.9 loci per primer. The mean value of PIC was 0.375. The mean values ​​of the Shannon index (I) and the genetic diversity of Nei (He) were 0.491 and 0.341, respectively. The genetic diversity ratio index (GST = 0.047) showed that the variability between and within the populations contributed with 4.7% and 95.3% of the total heterozygosity (HT), respectively. The observed gene flow was high (Nm = 10,213), which contrasts the effects of genetic drift. The occurrence of low spatial genetic structuration (EGE) (Sp = 0.058) and positive coancestry in both populations (Fij = 0.0161; P < 0.123 in POP01 and Fij = 0.018; P < 0, 057 in POP02), both evaluated up to the second distance class. Even with the presence of factors favorable to inbreeding, P. adamantinum presented high levels of genetic diversity. The high recorded gene flow was responsible for mitigating the effects of mating of related individuals.