DEVELOPMENTS IN ACTIVE AND PASSIVE REFRIGERATED TRANSPORTATION FOR THE PHARMACEUTICAL INDUSTRY

There have been many recent improvements to active and passive temperature controlled, transportation. This has been in response to the demands of the market and increasing legislation. This paper discusses the various options available to the pharmaceutical industry in particular and is of interest to all those concerned with passively and actively cooled transportation modes in general. Containers, mini containers, airfreight containers and refrigerated vehicles are covered. Cooling systems and transportation methods employing eutectics, phase-change materials and dry ice are examined and results from trial work referenced. These developments can provide efficient and effective means of temperature regulation and offer cost effective solutions to the increasing requirements of transportation.