Method for synthesizing 1,3-butadiene by using Bi/Mo/Co/Ce/Fe five-component composite oxide catalyst moving bed

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing 1,3-butadiene by using a Bi/Mo/Co/Ce/Fe five-component composite oxide catalyst moving bed, belonging to the technical field of chemical industry. The method comprises the following steps: putting a prepared five-element composite oxide catalyst in a moving bed reactor, introducing a gas mixture into the reactor, and reacting while keeping certain air speed and catalyst bed layer temperature to obtain the 1,3-butadiene product, wherein the reaction catalyst gradually moves to the regeneration reactor, and a fresh catalyst is supplemented into the moving bed reactor. The five-component composite oxide catalyst is prepared by the following steps: mixing Bi, Mo, Co, Ce, Fe and deionized water according to a certain mole ratio, regulating the pH value with alkali liquor, concentrating, filtering, drying, roasting, cooling, grinding and screening to obtain the Bi/Mo/Co/Ce/Fe. Compared with the traditional technique, the method is characterized in that the high-activity high-selectivity five-element composite oxide catalyst for the 1,3-butadiene preparation technique can be prepared by regulating the contents of the metals Co, Ce and Fe in the catalyst.