Current approaches to controlling type 2 diabetes

At present, about 250 million subjects suffer from type 2 diabetes (T2D) in the world. Scientists assume that this figure will amount to 380 million subjects by 2025. Macrovascular complications hold the lead in the structure of mortality in patients with T2D. Chronic hyperglycemia is known to be a cause of the development and progression of T2D. As for effective diabetes control, there is strong evidence suggesting that better glycemic control can considerably reduce a risk for both micro- and macroangiopathy. To what values glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) should be reduced to prevent complications due to T2D, currently remains an urgent problem. Based on the largest studies dealing with this problem, recommendations have been formulated for different groups of patients: to achieve HbA1c levels of < 7% for all patients; < 6% for those at relatively low risk for hypoglycemia, and in the range from 7.5 to 8% for those at its high risk.