Malaria therapy reinoculation data suggest individual variation of an innate immune response and independent acquisition of antiparasitic and antitoxic immunities

Abstract Malaria therapy reinoculation data were examined for the possible detection of effects attributable to stable individual host-specific factors, through correlation between descriptive variables of first and second infections. Such an effect was demonstrated with respect to the first local maximum of the asexual parasite density i.e., the density at which a host controls parasite growth. The effect was seen between an individual host's first and second Plasmodium falciparum infection, as well as between an individual host's first malaria infection with P. ovale and second malaria infection with P. falciparum . We give reasons to believe that the main underlying mechanism is individual variation of an innate immune response. The data were also examined for systematic changes from first to second P. falciparum infection, as indicators of acquired immunity. In addition to the well-known reduction in parasite density, the data show the early development of apparent parasite tolerance. We give reasons to interpret the latter as antitoxic immunity.