A descriptive study of the profile of neonates who had graduated from the Neonatal Nicola Albano ICU, attended at the follow-up clinic at the Specialized Center for Pediatric Accompaniment.

In Brazil, neonatal mortality accounts for almost 70% of deaths in the first year of life. This study aimed to characterize the neonatal population and the factors related to the hospitalization in a neonatal ICU, considering that the data collected were only those of the surviving and outgoing neonates of the ICU and who made the first consultation in the follow-up clinic. It is a descriptive, retrospective study of 200 medical records of newborn infants and ICU attending the follow-up clinic, from 2014 to 2015. Results: Mothers with a mean age between 19 and 35 years (37.9%); mean length of hospital stay from 15 to 21 days (31.8%); 57.6% of males and 42.4% of females; cesarean delivery predominated with 128 (64.6%); Apgar below 7 in the 5th minute of life in 24.3%; gestational age <37 weeks, 119 (60.2%); 85 (42.9%) weighed below 2,500g, 103 (52%) between 2,500 and 4,000g; 156 (78.8%) AIG. Main causes of hospitalizations were respiratory discomfort in 103 (58.5%) and prematurity in 48 (27.3%). Of those who needed oxygen therapy, 117 (58.1%) used nasal CPAP and 61 (29.8%) used mechanical ventilation. 178 (89%) took antibiotic therapy. Altered examinations: 8-foot test (4.1%); Otodiction test 15 (7.6%); echocardiography 126 (63.6%); transfontanel ultrasound 57 (28.8%); fundoscopy 45 (23%). Conclusions: The knowledge of newborn infants of neonatal ICU may contribute to a reduction in neonatal mortality. It is also necessary to guarantee follow-up clinics, with standardized guidelines and adequate interaction between the various health, hospital and community services.