Percutaneous Treatment of Localized Infiltrative Hepatocellular Carcinoma Developing on Cirrhosis

Background Infiltrating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by a difficult diagnosis, dismal prognosis, and limited therapeutic options. We describe long-term results of percutaneous treatment of infiltrative HCC, i.e., multibipolar radiofrequency ablation (mbpRFA) and percutaneous intra-arterial ethanol injection (PIAEI).