Relevant Issues for Sustainable Agriculture in Sub-Saharan Africa

Given the food security problems, rising population and unsustainable agriculture practice through conventional approach, the role of agricultural sustainability can not be overemphasised. But not many countries in Africa especially Sub-Saharan African (SSA) are practising sustainable agriculture, even if there are, they are very few and uncoordinated. Agricultural sustainability has a key role to play towards agricultural development in SSA, particularly improving agricultural productivity and food security, conserving biodiversity and creating friendly environment. This chapter focuses on relevant issues including constraints that affect sustainable agricultural development in SSA. In section two, we review relevant issues for sustainable agricultural development such as land use system, government institutions and infrastructure and agricultural technology, demonstrating current literature examples in our arguments. Third section focuses on effect of climate change on agricultural production, also exploring the link between climate change and agriculture biodiversity as well as climate regimes in SSA. Fourth section examines conservation of biodiversity which is also relevant to sustainable agricultural development, particularly when considering the roles of ecosystem and ecological species in the environments. The chapter concludes by summarising the policy implication that requires the attention of national governments and relevant organisations towards successful adoption of sustainable agriculture practice in SSA.