Cholesterol: Controversies and consensus over 100 years of persistent efforts

Hypercholesterolemia is one of the major risk factors for the development of cardiovascular disease. There are still controversies surrounding cholesterol and blood lipid management. To explore an effective way to better optimize blood lipid management, over the past century, experts in the blood lipid field have been continuously debating, collaborating, and investigating. In this review, we will provide a brief overview of various cholesterol/lipid guidelines and discuss “cholesterol hypothesis,” low-density lipoprotein cholesterol target, intensive lipid-lowering therapy, and so on.