Association of absence of p53 gene and chromosome 13q14 variation with prognosis of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma

Objective To assess the role of p53 gene and absence of chromosome 13ql4 in prognosis of primary gastrointestinal lymphoma(PGIL). Methods The expressions of p53 gene and chromosome 13ql4 in paraffin sections from 72 patients with PGIL and 30 patients with lymph node reactive hyperplasia were detected by using improved FISH technique. The association of p53 gene and absence of chromosome 13ql4 with PGIL prognosis was analyzed. Results ① The p53 gene deletion in stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ patients was accounted for 30. 2%, which was lower than that in stage ID—IV patients (63. 2% , χ~2 =6. 397,P=0.01l). ② There was significant difference between MALT lymphoma and non-MALT lymphoma as aspect to p53 gene deletion (28. 6% vs 53. 3%, χ~2 =4. 515, P = 0. 034). ③ The average survival time was (39. 25±22. 73) and (40. 33±23. 18) months in MALT lymphoma and stage Ⅰ～Ⅱ patients with or without single gene variation respectively, and was (9. 11 ±5. 95) and (20. 61 ± 18. 90) months in MALT lymphoma and stage Ⅲ～Ⅳ patients with two genes variation, respectively. ④ 13ql4 deletion was not significantly related to location, pathological type and clinical staging of tumor as well as survival time. However, the prognosis was poor when both 13ql4 and p53 deleted. Conclusions There is a high incidence of p53 gene deletion in non-MALT lymphoma and stage Ⅲ ～Ⅳ patients. Those who have p53 gene and chromosome 13ql4 abnormalities are of high degree of malignant, and the average survival time is shorter than patients with or without single gene deletion. Key words: Primary gastrointestinal lymphoma; p53; Prognosis