Discovery of metaflumizone, a novel semicarbazone insecticide

Abstract Metaflumizone, ( EZ )-2′-[2-(4-cyanophenyl)-1-(α,α,α-trifluoro- m -tolyl)ethylidene]-4-(trifluoromethoxy) carbanilohydrazide, was discovered by Nihon Nohyaku in the early 1990s and belongs to the new class of semicarbazone insecticides. It is now being globally co-developed as the animal health product, ProMeris ® , in cooperation with Fort Dodge Animal Health and as an agricultural and consumer insecticide in cooperation with BASF. Metaflumizone was developed in a synthesis program initiated from a pyrazoline insecticide lead. In this paper, we describe the development, discovery and structure activity relationships for metaflumizone and related compounds.