Surface Impedance of the “Thick Ice–Sea” Structure in the Radio Wave Range from Very Low to Very High Frequencies

In this paper, the scope of applicability of impedance boundary conditions for a vertically polarized wave in the 0.01–120 MHz frequency band are determined to calculate the electromagnetic field over the two-layer “thick ice–sea” structure. Seven models of ice cover, whose thickness varied from 2 to 9 m, are considered. The results are applicable for calculating attenuation function W and field level E in low, medium, and high frequency bands along the shipping lanes of the Northern Sea Route.