Membrane bioreactor as an advanced wastewater treatment technology

Abstract Membrane bioreactor (MBR) is one of the most proficient technologies worldwide to treat industrial and municipal wastewater. The MBRs application has many benefits, such as good effluent quality, small floor space, less slurry production, and easy to control. However, the major disadvantage of MBRs application is obstructing membrane fouling, which significantly decreases membrane performance and lifespan, causing a substantial escalation in maintenance and operating costs. This chapter discussed highly effective strains applied into MBR for biological activity improvement and fouling mitigation. Furthermore, the emerging fouling control strategy, design, and fabrication of novel anti-fouling composited membranes. The crossover MBR frameworks are also incorporated with some novel powerful membrane modules and their advances. Eventually, the difficulties and chances of cutting edge MBRs combined with bioenergy production in wastewater treatment have been covered.