Various Forms of Generating Subsemigroups in Algebraic Monoids

Let M be an irreducible affine algebraic monoid over an algebraically closed field, G its unit group, and E(M) the set of idempotents of M. We study various forms of subsemigroup generating in affine algebraic monoids and relevant generating problems with kernel data. We determine the structure of minimal irreducible algebraic submonoids containing the kernel, in particular, of M = G ∪ ker(M). We also prove that M with a dense unit group is regular if and only if M = ⟨ E(M), G ⟩ and ⟨ E(M) ⟩ is regular.