Two-degree-of-freedom control scheme for depth of hypnosis in anesthesia

Abstract In this work, a Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) controller based two-degree-of-freedom control scheme for Depth of Hypnosis (DoH) in general anesthesia is proposed. This approach uses the Bispectral Index Scale (BIS) as a controlled variable and propofol administration as a control variable. The developed structure applies a new compensation scheme, which reduces the influence of the nonlinear element. In this context, we exploit the linear part of the patient model, that can be obtained from the demographics of each individual patient. The parameters are tuned using the optimization procedure based on a genetic algorithm. The evaluation of the proposed technique is performed using intra-patient variability with a Monte Carlo method. Additionally, the performance of the analyzed system has been verified using several indexes. The simulation results show that desired characteristics are obtained for both induction and maintenance phases.