Significance of continuous wave and pulsed wave laser in direct metal deposition

Abstract Direct metal deposition is a free-form metal deposition technique used to generate near-net-shape 3D components with applications ranging from automobile, aerospace, and biomedical sectors, etc. The process has attracted research interest in industries due of its vast potential and advantages over other metal additive manufacturing processes. Innovations in laser technology have facilitated the advancements in the direct metal deposition technique, which leads to the need to explore the potential and influence of the lasers in part quality and accuracy. To produce defect-free parts with superior mechanical properties and functional features, the process should to be better understood in connection with application of the appropriate laser source. Therefore, this article aims to elaborate on the significance of continuous-wave and pulsed-wave lasers concerning the process and characteristics of parts produced. The review will conclude by summarising the capabilities and applications of continuous-wave and pulsed-wave lasers in the direct metal deposition. Therefore, this review would aid the manufacturing industries, research, and development sector to better understand influence of laser sources in achieving defect-free products.