Miniature 2.45 GHz Rectenna for Low Levels of Power

Wireless microwave power transmission (WPT) has become a new alternative technology to solve global energy problems, including the depletion of fossil fuel sources. This paper is part of the use of renewable energies such as WPT to power the various sensor networks that surround our environment. In this manuscript, an efficient 2.45 GHz Rectenna system have been designed, optimized and simulated for applications involving remote power supply. As a first step, a 2.45 GHz miniature microstrip antenna have been designed using Defected Ground Structure technology in order to switch the frequency from 5.8 GHz to 2.45 GHz with a gained size reduction reaching 70%. In the other side, a high output voltage 2.45 GHz Rectifier structure using voltage doubler topology have been developed for low power levels. The Rectenna have been simulated using Advanced Design System and CST Microwave Software and we have employed FR4 substrate with dielectric permittivity constant 4.4, thickness of 1.6 mm and loss tangent of 0.025. We have obtained satisfying results in terms of conversion efficiency and output voltage reaching 15 V.