A hazai hospice- és palliatív ellátás helyzete, lehetőségei, nehézségei | Situation, possibilities and difficulties of the hospice and palliative care in Hungary

A hospice-palliativ ellatas tobb mint 20 eve letezik Magyarorszagon, de az orvosok meg keveset tudnak rola. A tanulmany celja gyakorlati informaciok nyujtasa a hospice-ellatas lehetősegeiről, az ellatas indokoltsagarol, az igenybevetel folyamatarol. A szerzők a Magyar Hospice-Palliativ Egyesulet adatbazisanak hasznalataval attekintik es elemzik az aktualis orszagos statisztikai adatokat es bemutatjak a hospice-palliativ ellatas jogi, finanszirozasi es kepzesi hatteret. Kiemelik, hogy Magyarorszagon 90 hospice-ellato műkodik, ahol evente tobb mint 8000 vegstadiumu daganatos beteget latnak el. A WHO-ajanlasok szerint sokkal tobb szolgaltatora, illetve intezmenyi betegellatora, agyra lenne szukseg. A fejlesztest szemleleti problemak is nehezitik: kesőn kerulnek a betegek hospice-ellatasba, es nagy a tajekozatlansag a hospice-ellatas elrendeleseről. Sokan meg mindig osszetevesztik a kronikus, illetve apolasi ellatassal. A palliativ orvosi licenc lehetősege es a rezidensek szamara kotelező 40 oras palliativ tovabbkepzes javithat ezen a helyzeten. A szerzők velemenye szerint az adatok minel szelesebb korben tortenő kozzetetele segithet a hospice-ellatassal kapcsolatos tevhitek lebontasaban es a halallal, haldoklassal kapcsolatos szemlelet formalasaban. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(38), 1504–1509. | Hospice-palliative care has existed in Hungary for more than 20 years but physicians know very little about it. The objective of the study is to give detailed practical information about the possibilities and the reasonability of hospice care and the process of how to have access to it. The authors review and analyze the database of the national Hospice-Palliative Association database to provide most recent national data on hospice-palliative care. In addition, legal, financial and educational issues are also discussed. At present there are 90 active hospice providers in Hungary, which provide service for more than 8000 terminally ill cancer patients. According to WHO recommendations there would be a need for much more service providers, institutional supply and more beds. There are also problems concerning the attitude and, therefore, patients are admitted into hospice care too late. Hospice care is often confused with chronic or nursing care due to lack of information. The situation may be improved with proper forms of education such as palliative licence and compulsory, 40-hour palliative training for residents. The authors conclude that a broad dissemination of data may help to overcome misbeliefs concerning hospice and raise awareness concerning death and dying. Orv. Hetil., 2014, 155(38), 1504–1509.