Effect of Silver Nanoparticles (AgNPs) Exposure on microRNA Expression and Global DNA Methylation in Endothelial Cells EA.hy926

Abstract The aim of this study was to determine the effect of AgNPs on the epigenome of endothelial cells EA.hy926, including the levels of expression of microRNAs (miRNAs) and global DNA methylation patterns. In addition, evaluation of the expression of inflammatory genes and the levels of VCAM-1 protein (miRNA-126 target) was performed. The expression levels of analyzed miRNAs (microRNAs-126, 155 and 146) were reduced significantly and there were not observed changes in inflammatory gene expression. Regarding the levels of protein vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 (VCAM-1), they increase significantly to 0.5 µM AgNPs at 24 h of exposure. As far as DNA methylation is concerned, we found that AgNPs induce a state of global hyper-methylation. In conclusion, it was demonstrated that direct contact between AgNPs and endothelial cells resulted in the dysregulation of highly enriched and vastly functional miRNAs and DNA hypermethylation, that may have multiple effects on endothelium function and integrity.