Estrés post-traumático post terremoto 27F en cuidadores de niños preescolares. Factores asociados del cuidador, de la familia y la crianza

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after 27/F earthquake in caregivers of preschool children. Factors associated with the caregiver, family and parenting. Objectives: To describe the PTSD frequency, following the February 27, 2010 (27-F) earthquake in Chile, in preschool caregivers and its association with child development reports and parenting attitudes. Methodolo- gy: The study was carried out six months after the earthquake. A cross-sectional survey design was performed in 1625 caregivers of children between 30 and 48 months old, who received care at public health centers. Disorders were evaluated by the self-administered Davidson trauma scale. Additionally, sociodemographic, physical and mental health of caregivers, child development and parenting characteristics were measured. Results: The frequency of PTSD was 7.3%. There were no significant associations between post-traumatic stress in the caregiver and child development. There were statistically significant associations with family functioning (p < 0.05) and enforced beliefs regarding the education of children (p < 0.05), among others. Con- clusions: The presence of this disorder in the caregiver may be a risk marker for child care; therefore, after the disaster and through a familiar approach, detection and early treatment are essential. (Key words: Posttraumatic stress disorder, child development, parenting, family functioning). Rev Chil Pediatr 2013; 84 (1): 51-58