Tritrophic system of tree-trunkborer-insect natural enemy association.

Trunkborers,mainly bark beetles and cerambycids,are the important insect pests of forests,which can cause serious damage to forest ecosystem.Taking bark beetle and long-horned beetle as the examples,this paper summarized the research progress on the tritrophic system of tree-trunkborer-insect natural enemy association,with the past ten years research results on semiochemicals release source,active compounds identification,and release dynamics of volatiles introduced.The chemical signals selection of natural enemies and their visual function in finding hosts or preys,as well as whether there were other biological active compounds beyond this tritrophic system,which could influence the natural enemy's behaviors,were also discussed.