Albumins Characterization in Relation to Rheological Properties and Enzymatic Activity of Wheat Flour Dough

The aim of this study was to characterize albumin fractions of four different wheat varieties grown in a local climatic context, as well as to find the relationship between the particular albumin fractions and enzyme activity of the tested wheat flours and dough rheological properties. The determined content of albumin fractions ranged from 2.64 to 17.50% of total proteins. More than 50% of the albumins total amount was in the range of 5-15 kDa of molecular weight. The obtained results indicated that albumin fraction 1530 kDa was related to certain rheological properties of dough, especially those related to water absorption and uniaxial and biaxial resistance to extension. Regarding the enzymatic status of flour, no strong relationship was found among the 5-15, 30-50 and 3060 kDa albumin fractions and proteolytic and α-amylolytic activity. However, the albumin fraction 15-30 kDa showed significant correlation with proteolytic activity.