Frequency selective surface superstate antenna for 79-GHz automotive applications

A high gain frequency selective surface (FSS) superstrate antenna at 79 GHz is presented. The maximum gain of a single antenna with FSS layer is 17.9 dBi at 79 GHz, which is near to the gain of a classical 4 × 4 array. It is found that the gain of a single FSS superstrate layer increases nearly 11.61 dB at 79 GHz over its basic membrane antenna. The measured 2∶1 VSWR bandwidth with FSS layer is from 75.57 GHz to 84.18 GHz (10.89 %). The radiation patterns are found to be broadside all over the frequency band of interest.