Physical Chemistry of Water Fluids As a Basis for Technological Processes with Their Participation

Some physicochemical properties of water fluids (WFs) that underlie their applications and criteria for determining the parameter domains with qualitative differences in their physical state were considered. The qualitative relationship between the type and intensity of intermolecular interactions in various substances and their macroscopic characteristics (normal boiling temperatures and critical points) was analyzed. Special attention was paid to the density as a macroscopic parameter that reflects the influence of intermolecular interactions in the WF. Despite the technological importance of isobaric dependences, for understanding the mechanisms of various effects on the properties of fluids, it is necessary to consider isochoric and isothermal dependences, especially when analyzing the dielectric properties of water and its dissociation into counterions.