Hybrid experiments with air-shower array and emulsion chamber at high mountains

Characteristics of air-shower-triggered atmospheric families detected in the hybrid experiments together with emulsion chamber and AS-array at high mountains are compared with those of simulations. The analysis of families accompanied by air-showers with N e ≥ 10 7 shows that the experimental family-energy distribution favors a proton-dominant chemical composition of primary cosmic-rays but the lateral distribution favors a heavy-dominant composition. Thus no simulations can describe the overall characteristics of the data of hybrid experiments.