Spatially Localized Oscillations in Low-Stability States of Metal Systems

An analysis of spatially localized and time-periodic vibrational modes (discrete breathers – DBs) is carried out. It is found out that the discreteness and nonlinearity of the medium are the main necessary conditions for the existence of discrete breathers, and these conditions are satisfied in the crystal lattice. The role of DBs in the formation of the physical properties of crystals is discussed. The arguments are presented in favor of the fact that this role increases many times in the states far from thermodynamic equilibrium and in the lowstability pre-transitional states of the crystal lattice.