Application of fluorescence resonance energy transfer to bioprinting

Abstract Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) is widely used for the detection of a target interaction in biomolecular and cellular research. Based on the sensitivity of the FRET, various innovative analytical biosensors are being developed. This review presents the current status of the use of printing technology with FRET-related applications. Printing-based FRET assays provide a simple and reliable method for exploring biomolecule functions and activities, which have attracted growing interest in academic research and biomedical diagnoses. This review commences by describing FRET-based printing methods employed in the detection of biomolecules, cellular activity, and application in diagnostics. Furthermore, this article reviews the recent advancements in the development of bioprinting technology in conjugation with a smartphone-based FRET detection system, which is available to the point-of-care testing. Overall, this review provides useful insights into the recent advances in a printing-based FRET detection system and serves as a useful source of reference for future research.