3. Effects of changes in systemic hemodynamic parameters on pulpal hemodynamics

Summary Changes in systemic hemodynamic parameters have a profoundeffect on pulpal hemodynamics. The optimum Hct range for the transport rate of O 2 to the pulp is between 35% and 55%. The pulpal circulation has relatively lower resistance and higher flow in comparison with the systemic circulation on a per unit weight basis. Pulpal blood flow is sensitive to sympathetic nerve activity which causes vasoconstriction.