High efficient and long-time stable planar heterojunction perovskite solar cells with doctor-bladed carbon electrode

2019 
Abstract Hole-transport-layer-free organic-inorganic halide perovskite solar cells are attracted wide attention due to low cost, good reproducibility and long-time stability. However, this type of perovskite solar cell still requires the high process temperature beyond 400 °C. Here, the planar perovskite solar cells with the structure of glass-FTO/ZnO/perovskite/Carbon are successfully fabricated at low temperature. The pristine CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 device exhibits the current density of 19.91 mA cm −2 and a power conversion efficiency of 12.81%. Meaningfully, when ammonium chloride is added to the solution of iodide methylamine, the current density and power conversion efficiency of the resulting device can be improved to 20.21 mA cm −2 and 13.62%, respectively. The high performances of device are mainly attributed to compact and smooth surface of perovskite film due to NH 4 Cl additive. More importantly, the cells also demonstrate good reproducibility, good illumination stability and good long-time stability. The unencapsulated cells can maintain over 90% of the initial power conversion efficiency at 25–28 °C in an ambient environment with 45–60% humidity over 1200 h. The present study can provide a facile and low cost approach to fabricate highly efficient and highly stable perovskite solar cells for the future application.
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