Effective and efficient method of painless venepuncture in children

Venepuncture for routine blood sampling is not only a very distressing experience for a considerable number of children but also leading to unreliable data because of hemolytic sample by patients' fighting during procedure. The children express both high levels of distress during venepuncture and anticipation of the procedure. Therefore, prevention or reduction of distress should focus on both phases of the procedure. To this end, several elements should be considered: preparation of procedural information, distraction during painful procedures, and local anesthesia. Current concepts to understand these elements are presented in this review.