Effects of Anethum graveolens (dill) and its derivatives on controlling cardiovascular risk factors: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Abstract Objective Previous studies have demonstrated that the supplementation of Anethum graveolens (dill) could affect the metabolic indices. Thus, the present study summarizes all of the published clinical studies which evaluate the efficacy of dill administration on cardiovascular risk factors. Methods The clinical trials were found using Scopus, Embase, PubMed and ISI Web of Science databases; these were searched to infinity until August 2020. Mean differences (MD) were pooled using a random-effects model. Publication bias, sensitivity analysis, and heterogeneity were assessed using standard methods. Results Results demonstrated that the administration of dill and its derivatives, led to a significant change in the fasting insulin (WMD: −2.34 mg/dl; 95% CI: −3.70, −0.99; P = 0.001), HOMA-IR (WMD: −1.07; 95% CI: −1.96, −0.17; P = 0.019), and LDL serum levels (WMD: −9.36 mg/dl; 95% CI: −14.45, −4.27; P  Conclusion Dill administration significantly reduces fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, and LDL levels.