The impact of Acute Kidney Injury in Diabetes Mellitus

Little data exist on outcome of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in Diabetes. We describe short-term recovery of renal function, patient mortality and progressive renal dysfunction following AKI in diabetics. METHODS: Using the diagnosis of either diabetes or no diabetes as the defining variable, AKI episodes were identified from records of a clinical biochemsitry department serving a population of 560,000. Patient co-morbidity and mortality were collated from electronic patient records. Outcomes were compared to a non-diabetic cohort with AKI. RESULTS: AKI was identified in 101 diabetic and 392 non-diabetic patients. Patients with Diabetes had less severe AKI, compared to the non-diabetic cohort (AKI stage 1 76% vs 55%, p = 0.0006). Overall acute mortality, and mortality adjusted for co-morbidity, was comparable in the diabetic and non-diabetic groups. Recovery to baseline renal function was greater in diabetic patients (87% vs 63% p = 0.001), and the proportion of patients developing progressive CKD was lower in the (14%) compared to the non-diabetic cohort (48%, p < 0.00001). CONCLUSIONS: Although acute mortality is comparable following an AKI episode in diabetics compared to that associated with AKI in a non-diabetic cohort, for those surviving the acute episode its impact on renal function is significantly less than in a non-diabetic group.